According to the report’s authors, Ivan Krastev and Mark Leonard, the agreement between political parties stems from a shift in mentality. European liberals have rediscovered “the value of hard power,” while nationalists have come to terms with combined European action.

Still, some countries remain anomalies. The nationalist Brothers of Italy party said that if given a choice, they would prefer an end to the war as soon as possible — even if it meant Ukraine had to cede territory. Italy was also one of the few countries which had a divided opinion on whether Moscow was “stronger” a year after launching its invasion of Ukraine.

As the U.S. continues to take a leading role in supporting Kyiv, most countries see Washington as an “ally” and “necessary partner,” especially those in Denmark and Britain.

Krastev and Leonard believe that in order for the EU’s public opinion to remain unanimous on Ukraine, the next 18 months will be crucial. They recommended that European governments should implement policies to manage the cost-of-living and refugee crises while continuing to aid Kyiv, and ensuring that tensions across the Atlantic are kept in check.